Detailed Explanation of Shot Blasting Processing Technology in Dalian

Dalian shot blasting is a surface treatment process widely used in mechanical manufacturing, automotive industry, aerospace, shipbuilding, bridge construction and other fields. It impacts the surface of the workpiece by high-speed ejection of metal particles (usually steel shot or steel sand) to achieve cleaning, strengthening, deburring, and improving surface roughness. Shot blasting processing can not only improve the surface quality of workpieces, but also enhance their mechanical properties and extend their service life.

1、 The principle of shot blasting processing

The core principle of shot blasting is to use a shot blasting machine to accelerate metal particles (such as steel shot, steel sand, ceramic shot, etc.) to a certain speed, and then throw them onto the surface of the workpiece through a shot blasting wheel or nozzle. Metal particles can effectively remove impurities such as oxide scale, rust, welding slag, and oil stains on the surface of workpieces under high-speed impact, while also forming a small compressive stress layer on the surface, thereby improving the fatigue strength and corrosion resistance of workpieces.

The process of shot blasting can be divided into the following steps:

Particle Acceleration: The shot blasting machine accelerates metal particles to high speeds by driving the shot blasting wheel or compressed air through a motor.

Impact workpiece: High speed particles impact the surface of the workpiece to remove impurities and uneven parts on the surface.

Surface strengthening: The impact of particles forms a compressive stress layer on the surface of the workpiece, improving its mechanical properties.

Recycling and Separation: The particles and impurities after impact are separated by the recycling system, and the clean particles can be reused.

2、 Shot blasting equipment

The main equipment for shot blasting processing is shot blasting machine, which can be divided into the following categories according to its structure and purpose:

Drum type shot blasting machine: suitable for batch processing of small workpieces, where the workpieces roll inside the drum and receive even shot blasting treatment.

Track type shot blasting machine: suitable for processing small and medium-sized workpieces. The workpiece moves on the track and the shot blasting wheel shoots from above or from the side.

Hook type shot blasting machine: suitable for large or complex shaped workpieces, which are suspended by hooks and shot blasted from multiple directions by the shot blasting wheel.

Through type shot blasting machine: suitable for processing continuous workpieces such as plates and profiles. The workpieces enter the shot blasting chamber through a conveying device, and the shot blasting wheels are ejected from multiple angles.

Sandblasting machine: It sprays particles onto the surface of workpieces through compressed air and is suitable for fine processing or special shaped workpieces.

In addition, shot blasting equipment also includes particle recovery systems, dust removal systems, control systems, etc., to ensure the efficiency and environmental friendliness of the processing process.

3、 Process parameters for shot blasting processing

The effect of shot blasting is influenced by various process parameters, mainly including the following aspects:

Particle type: Commonly used particles include steel shot, steel sand, ceramic shot, etc. Their hardness, shape, and size can affect the processing effect.

Particle velocity: The higher the ejection velocity of particles, the greater the impact force, and the better the cleaning and strengthening effect. However, excessive velocity may cause damage to the surface of the workpiece.

Projection angle: The projection angle of particles can affect the uniformity and efficiency of the impact, and usually needs to be adjusted according to the shape and surface requirements of the workpiece.

Processing time: The longer the processing time, the more obvious the cleaning and strengthening effects, but excessive processing time may lead to excessive wear on the surface of the workpiece.

Workpiece material: Workpieces of different materials have different adaptability to shot blasting processing, and appropriate process parameters need to be selected based on material characteristics.

4、 Application areas of shot blasting processing

Shot blasting has a wide range of applications in multiple industries, mainly including the following aspects:

Mechanical manufacturing: used to clean the surface of castings, forgings, and welded parts, remove oxide scales, burrs, and welding slag, and improve surface quality.

Automotive industry: used to strengthen the surface of automotive components such as gears, springs, connecting rods, etc., to improve their fatigue strength and durability.

Aerospace: Used for processing aircraft engine blades, fuselage structural components, etc., to improve their fatigue and corrosion resistance performance.

Shipbuilding industry: used for cleaning ship steel plates, pipelines, etc., removing rust and oxide scale, and extending service life.

Bridge construction: used to treat the surface of steel structure bridges, improve their corrosion resistance and durability.

Shot blasting is also widely used in surface treatment and strengthening in other fields such as construction, power, chemical and other industries.

5、 The advantages of shot blasting processing

Shot blasting, as an efficient surface treatment process, has the following significant advantages:

Efficient cleaning: It can quickly remove impurities from the surface of the workpiece and improve production efficiency.

Surface strengthening: By forming a compressive stress layer, the fatigue strength and corrosion resistance of the workpiece are improved.

Improving roughness: It can effectively improve the surface roughness of the workpiece and meet different process requirements.

Environmental protection and energy conservation: The particles are recyclable, reducing resource waste, and equipped with dust removal systems to reduce environmental pollution.

Strong adaptability: Suitable for workpieces of various materials and shapes, with a wide range of applicability.

Shot blasting, as an efficient and environmentally friendly surface treatment process, plays an important role in modern industry. By selecting appropriate equipment and process parameters, shot blasting can significantly improve the surface quality and mechanical properties of workpieces, meeting the needs of different industries. With the continuous development of technology, shot blasting will demonstrate its unique advantages in more fields, providing more reliable solutions for industrial manufacturing.